Changes in Medieval Society
three-field system- A system of farming developed in medieval Europe, in which farmland was divided into three fields of equal size and each of these was successively planted with a winter crop, planted wit a spring crop, and left unplanted.
guild- A medieval association of people working at the same occupation, which controlled its members' wages and prices.
Commercial Revolution- The expansion of trade and business that transformed European economies during the 16th and 17th centuries.
burgher- A medieval merchant-class town dweller.
vernacular- The everyday language of people in a region or country.
2. Agriculture, trade, and finance made significant advances. Towns and cities grew. Cultural interaction with the Muslim and Byzantine worlds increased the growth of learning and the birth of universities.
3. They controlled the number of goods being traded and to kept prices up. they provided security in trading and reduced losses. Guilds set standards for utility of work, wages, and working conditions.
4. Christian scholars from Europe began visiting Muslim libraries in Spain. Books began to be translated into Latin for people in Europe to read.
5. They organized themselves and demanded privileges. These included freedom from certain kinds of tolls and the right to govern the town. They sometimes took theses rights by force.
guild- A medieval association of people working at the same occupation, which controlled its members' wages and prices.
Commercial Revolution- The expansion of trade and business that transformed European economies during the 16th and 17th centuries.
burgher- A medieval merchant-class town dweller.
vernacular- The everyday language of people in a region or country.
2. Agriculture, trade, and finance made significant advances. Towns and cities grew. Cultural interaction with the Muslim and Byzantine worlds increased the growth of learning and the birth of universities.
3. They controlled the number of goods being traded and to kept prices up. they provided security in trading and reduced losses. Guilds set standards for utility of work, wages, and working conditions.
4. Christian scholars from Europe began visiting Muslim libraries in Spain. Books began to be translated into Latin for people in Europe to read.
5. They organized themselves and demanded privileges. These included freedom from certain kinds of tolls and the right to govern the town. They sometimes took theses rights by force.
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